In Cold Blood Dialectical Journal Essay - 3372 Words

Jazmin Castro Mrs. Clement AP Language and Composition, Period 7 10 April 2014 Entry 1, page 5 â€Å"But afterward the townspeople, theretofore sufficiently unfearful of each other to seldom trouble to lock their doors, found fantasy re-creating them over and over again—those somber explosions that stimulated fires of mistrust in the glare of which many old neighbors viewed each other strangely, and as strangers.† I found this quote to be a sad truth. It is disappointing to know that in this small town wherein everyone was on a friendly basis with one another, they would all turn their backs on neighbors they’ve known forever, due to the dangers of their own imagination. Once someone has my trust, I†¦show more content†¦Or that? Or that? Which is me?’ (Once Mrs. Riggs, her English teacher, had returned a theme with a scribbled comment: ‘Good. But why written in three styles of script?’ To which Nancy had replied: ‘Because I’m not grown-up enough to be one person with one kind of signature.’)† Nancy, I believe, perfectly represents teenagers, past and present. Nancy shows that we don’t have the slightest clue who we truly are. That is why our teenage years are so important. These are the years in which we begin to find ourselves, beginning with our signatures (heart or no heart?). There are so many people who expect us to know what we will do with our future when, in actuality, we are only beginning to discover our likes and dislikes, nowhere near deciding what we will be doing for the rest of our lives. So many of us teenagers (and some adults) are trying out different handwritings, or ideas of what we want to do with our lives, before we settle on the one type of calligraphy that we will carry with us forever. Throughout my life, my handwriting has changed drastically, as have my aspirations. As a child, I would write in big loopy letters, which perhaps represented the loopiness of who I wanted to be at the time (a princess). Over the years, as my letters became more refined and smaller, so did my aspirations.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Bless Me Ultima Dialectical Journal3577 Words   |  15 Pages Bless Me, Ultima Dialectical Journal Passages from the text and References: Commentary: 1. â€Å"The magical time of childhood stood still, and the pulse of the living earth pressed its mystery into my living blood† (1.1). (P) This thought that Antonio has builds up the possibility that he will later form a deep connection and bond with the earth and nature. 2. â€Å" The war sucks everything dry,† my father said solemnly, â€Å"it takes the young boys overseas, and their families move to California whereRead MoreAngelas Ashes Dialectic Journal Essay2525 Words   |  11 PagesDialectical Journal Text | Response | â€Å"People everywhere brag and whimper about the woes of their early childhood, but nothing can compare with the Irish version†(11). | This is how he starts out the book and it is in a way introducing you to one of the worst childhoods that you can have. It also shows you that you can go beyond your childhood and become something or do something with your life. 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Her current research interests cover innovation/knowledge management, hybridity, and the leadership of the accounting and finance function. She has published in Behavioral Research in Accounting; Journal of Management Accounting Research; Pacific Accounting Review; Australian Accounting Review; Accounting, Organizations and Society; and Management Accounting Research, as well as contributing chapters to books. In 2002, Jane received the FMAC ArticlesRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesleft blank Contents Introduction 1. Charisma, Routinization, and Rastafari 2. Dread Uprising: The Emergence of Rastafari 3. Babylon and Dread Revitalization 4. The Ethos of Rastafari: Structure, Ideology, and Ritual 5. â€Å"Coming in from the Cold†: Rastafari and the Wider Society 6. Rastafari Rules: Bearers of Jamaican Popular Culture 7. Summary and Conclusions Appendix: A Review of the Literature on Rastafari Notes Selected Bibliography Index 3 7 29 41 67 79 97 117 127 141

Short Story - 1445 Words

Damien awoke to the sound of the wretched voice on his intercom. The like sound of a knife on glass combined with a dying cat seemed like the most accurate representation of him. The voice croaked a few time before speaking. â€Å"ORT Damien, this is Captain Lukas. I wish to speak with you in the Drafting room. Now get your ass out off bed and shake off all of that Devil’s Sauce you drank last night.† Damien chuckled slightly, even though it only intensified the throbbing in his head. Damien leaned over his bed and returned with equal firepower. â€Å"It’s a Saturday Lukas. Lighten up and let me nurse my hangover.† His speech was slightly slurred. Of last night Damien barely remembered anything. But, he did remember it involved a game of†¦show more content†¦Damn Lukas and his drinking games. He thought dismally. Damien reluctantly walked away from the window, wishing he could stand in front of it forever. If only Dylan wasn’t a jackass, I wouldn’t be here right now. Damien had never forgotten how he was inducted into the Krigare Order. It was a partly cloudy day while all of the apprentices stood to wait for their turn to be inducted. Everyone one of them was excited until navigators swarmed into the crowd and took Zoiche (Damien’s friend) to the front of the hall. It was all a blur except for when Dylan slit Zoiche’s throat. The blood sprayed lightly at first but then turned into a slow-moving crimson river. Zoiche choked on his own blood for only what felt an eternity before he collapsed on the floor in a pool of his own blood. After the induction was completed, and Damien was chosen as his new name he asked why Zoiche had died. Dylan has shrugged it off saying that he had committed a crime against all of Pekna, but wouldn’t say what it was. Damien hated, despised his Krigare name, it had no meaning to him. He wished the others would call him by his true name, Traegin. It was the name his father, and grandfather, and his father had. The name made him proud of who he was, but Damien made him feel as if he was a grain of sand. He kept it to himself though, not wanting to have a fate like Zoiche. Within minutes Damien was looking at himself in the mirror, with hisShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. 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The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Planning - Sesigning and Conducting

Question: Discuss about the Planning, Sesigning and Conducting. Answer: Definition of Social Research Jha, (2014) defines social research as a form of a study carried out by social scientists who are concerned mainly with the society as well as the relationships which exist among individuals within it. Methodologies in social research can be categorized along qualitative or quantitative dimensions. Quantitative methodologies often address a common social occurrence using quantifiable evidence and in most of the cases depend on statistical analysis to generate reliable and valid overall claims about the phenomenon. It is related to quantity. A qualitative design, on the other hand, aims at comprehending a social event through data collection processes and procedures such as surveys, face-to-face interviews, or evaluation of secondary sources like journals and underlying theoretical works. It is entirely related to quality of the phenomenon under study (Hall, 2008). Most Appealing Theoretical Paradigm Sociological thinking in this class of study is guided by a basic image of society often referred to as theoretical paradigm. There are four theoretical models, namely, evolutionary theory, structural-functioning paradigm, the social-conflict paradigm, and the symbolic paradigm. Out of this four, evolutionary theory model appeals to me most. This line of thought proposes that a society goes through different phases in the development sequence and undergoes various stages of growth and expansion, from simple primitive, archaic society to complex modern society. This paradigm unlike the rest looks for series of transformation and provides an adequate explanation how the community comes to exist, grow, and progress. It is the mostly applied social research paradigm by investigators (Biel, Eek, Ga?rling, Gustafsson, 2008). Difference between a Literature Review and an Annotated Bibliography A literature review is written taking the form of an expository essay which includes an introduction, body, and a conclusion, often composed around a controlling thesis or ideology (Ridley, 2011).An annotated bibliography, on the other hand, is just a list of sources written in alphabetical order accompanied by comments. Furthermore, while an individual source appears once in an annotated bibliography, it might be referred to more than once in a literature review, according to its significance in the field or relation to other sources. A literature review encompasses its own intext citations and bibliography sometimes called work cited list. A literature review is a written text which is used to consider the crucial points of contemporary knowledge. It provides a comprehensive survey of the theoretical works composed in a certain discipline or area of study or a line of exploration, often over a stipulated period of time, taking the form of a detailed or critical appraisal of a parti cular author. In this respect, an annotated bibliography is a brief evaluative note or description added to every citation or reference, helping the researcher to assess whether the source is suitable for a certain topic or line of an autopsy. (Offenhauer, Buchalter, Library of Congress, National Institute of Justice (U.S.), 2011). My proposed research topic will focus on youth recidivism, primary causes, and possible prevention measures. My study will be based on both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. This is because I will be having two main motives behind my exploration. I will use quantitative data to discover how particular types of behaviors among the youth such as drug abuse and peer pressure lead to recidivism. Again I will use qualitative data to figure out why such age group engages in such misconducts. Besides, applying both qualitative and quantitative research designs in my study will enable me to address the big issue of recidivism or re-offense comprehensively in Australia with few research limitations. Recidivism is a social work oriented topic which has gotten attention of many researchers around the world (Payne Australian Institute of Criminology, 2007).However, the context of my investigation will be centered primarily in Australia. References Biel, A., Eek, D., Ga?rling, T., Gustafsson, M. (2008).New issues and paradigms in research on social dilemmas. New York, N.Y.: Springer. Hall, R. (2008).Applied social research: Planning, designing and conducting real-world research. South Yarra, Vic: Palgrave Macmillan. Jha, A. S. (2014).Social research methods. New Delhi: McGraw-Hill Education (India. Offenhauer, P., Buchalter, A. R., Library of Congress., National Institute of Justice (U.S.). (2011).Teen dating violence: A literature review and annotated bibliography. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice. Payne, J., Australian Institute of Criminology. (2007).Recidivism in Australia: Findings and future research. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. Ridley, D. (2011).The literature review: A step-by-step guide for students. Los Angeles: Sage.

Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter,and Spring Essay Example

Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter,and Spring Essay This is the main drama of the movie and is what most of the movie revolves around. Finally the last point that I want to stress was the Eightfold path and how it explains in what ways the perfect Buddhist should be. It is shown throughout the entire movie and unfolds along with the movie. Going through I want to explore each of these concepts and dive deeper into their meanings and grasp a better understanding while connecting every point with the movie Spring, Summer, Fall, , and Spring. Winter . In the Spring portion of the movie It shows the student as a young child. He Is even the freedom to roam around as he pleases around halls house and In the forest surrounding his home. One day he goes out to play In the forest not knowing that he is being watched by his teacher. In good humor the small boy ties a string attached with a rock around a fish, and then a frog, and finally a snake, making it highly difficult for any of them to move around. The master observes this behavior, however does not make his presence known. Some time later, the master ties a large stone to the back of the child while he is sleeping one night in order to teach him the harm of hat he had done to the animals. We will write a custom essay sample on Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter,and Spring specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter,and Spring specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter,and Spring specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Palling says of the Buddhist precept that we have to behave with friendliness, understanding, and loving-kindness towards ourselves, other people, animals, and even plants and the planet we live on (21). In order to behave with friendliness, we have to understand what that entails. The boy was too young to grasp this understanding of friendliness, thus making his master teach him by doing to him what he had done to the animals. In summer of the movie the young child has much progressed from a young boy to a young man. He has lived in isolation from what it appears to be his whole life, just him and his master. A young woman, whom appears to be about his age, is very ill and comes to their house to get well. She stays with them for quite some time and the student tries very hard, however he cannot overcome his temptations. At first every time he had a sexual thought he immediately caught himself and would go pray to the Buddha. Unfortunately though after awhile the temptations become stronger as with his curiosity and one day is overcome with his emotions. Besides he fact that he is giving In to his cravings, he Is also giving less time and thought Into his religious day to day activities. Buddhism does not view the Idea of sex Itself as bad, however what It can become Is what they are against (Palling 25). Buddhist Instead encourage their followers to drop all forms of slavery or burden and discourage giving into and over indulging into temptations (Palling 25). The young man was not In trouble Tort Dealing Involved In a sexual act, want was Drowned upon was the idea that he was sneaking around and not performing his duties because of t. He was no longer able to control himself or his emotions, he acted as if he needed that craving and that is the weakness that is not excepted. Throughout the movie it was hard not to notice the elements that made up the Noble Eightfold Path which consists of perfect vision, perfect emotion, perfect speech, perfect action, perfect livelihood, perfect effort, perfect awareness, and perfect Ashamed (concentration) are crucial at the last scenes of the movie (Palling 50). The young boy that we observed in the beginning of the movie has now completely ransomed into an older man that has gone through life and has made a terrible mistake; murder. He has now returned, after serving time in Jail, to where he grew up to discover his master long gone and his house abandoned. Out of respect he performs a ritual to put his masters soul at rest, and the gets started on what he went there to do. He took out his masters old robes and started to practice Buddhism rituals, reading, writing, and yoga. After a long while of training and much Ashamed, concentration, he starts the great task of putting his past behind him. At his point in the movie is where all of the Noble Eightfold Path ideals are shown. As he puts on his robes and carries a statue of the Buddha with a large stone tied to his back, to symbolize the weight of his past, he makes the tremendous Journey up to the mountain peaks to place the ever watching Buddha on the top of the mountain facing his house. This was a very pivotal moment in the movie showing all of the Noble Eightfold Path ideals but it also showed that he was no longer a student anymore but a person that had made a change and that was ready to move on with his life and become a teacher. In conclusion,

Essay about change management

Essay about change management Essay about change management The background to change facing business that exists in todays Economy. Everything except change itself is changeable in this world. The features we experience today, may undergo change simply, organisation is a group of people working together for achieving certain goals and objectives which may be common in terms of their interest and level of satisfaction. Certain level of amendments or change tomorrow or after some fewer days. If to talk of the business perspectives, they are more prone to changes because of the development of new and more advance technologies. Newer technologies may come to ensure more efficiency, comfortable, Sustainable and environmental friendly. Business modernization and diversification may lead to the business towards further additional changes. The national carrier of the UK, British Airways, popularly known as BA, is also the largest airline in the country. It flies to more than 550 destinations worldwide from airports across the UK, and operates more transatlantic flights from Europe than any other airline. Its hubs are London Heathrow and Gatwick airports. In 2008, BA moved to capitalise on the liberalisation of transatlantic air travel between Europe and the US by launching its new subsidiary Open Skies, which takes its name from the historic EU-US aviation treaty. On November 13, 2009, British Airways and Iberia Airlines made a preliminary agreement to merge. Obviously, after merger or acquision of the businesses, there arise the need of some significant changes in management in terms of its staff, goals and objectifies, pattern and presence of its customers and competitors and the aspect of strategic alliances as well. In case of British Airways too, as a national flag carrier of the UK, it had been facing numerous challenges which ultimately led it to the merger with Iberia Airlines. In the context of merger with Iberia Airlines, there appeared the various changing issues to be settled in time so as due effect could be given to the new alliances. Change management is a basic skill in which most leaders and managers need to be competent. There are very few working environments where change management is not important. When leaders or managers are planning to manage change, there are five key principles that need to be kept in mind: Managers or leaders are to bear in mind some key principles as they are intended to manage the change. The way of making reaction to the changes differs head to head. Every people have their specific need s that to be met in different way and style. Still ahead, it should be borne in mind that generally change may involve some loss and people are to go through loss curve. In the name of change, expectation of the people should not be exaggerated rather it should be met in a realistic way. After change, what new scenario would be developed and it may impact the whole system established. Such fear in mind of the people should be avoided so as people can trust and accept the change wholeheartedly. In case of British Airways, there work force is made up of people injected with independence and freedom of choice as governed by their own culture. This implies that if the employees are asked their involvement in the decision making role and status, they feel themselves great in the sense that their ideas and views too have been honoured and the same fact would fuel them with the internal motivation and in future they would perform the job wholeheartedly. Satisfied work force is the valuable asset of the organisation and they give their hand and mind for the effort of the organisation to adopt new changes and amendments. If they are running with complaints and grievance in themselves, it would come as a serious loss to the company and prove very expensive in long run. Evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of bureaucratic organisations. Evaluation is the measuring effectiveness of the performance by

Arab-Israeli conflict essays

Arab-Israeli conflict essays September 11th was one of the main examples on how foreign policy is always changing and in most moments contradicting. Preceding these attacks, Pakistan had been considered a rogue nation . Yet, after this tragedy, America saw the urgency of which they needed Pakistans alliance in the war on terrorism. Pakistan is bordering Afghanistan, whose government has been blamed for the terrorist attacks. In previous years, as stated before, America had placed Pakistan on the list of rogue nations. The reason for such action was because of its millenarian dictatorship, and its stubbornness in the conflict over Indian- controlled Kashmir. Another reason for such conflict with Pakistan would be the way that the leader of that nation came into power. General Pervez Musharraf came into power through a military coup in October 1999. Soon after these attacks Musharraf had suddenly been in favor of the idea to assist in the war on terrorism. This change had been completely unforeseen due to the fact that Pakistan is a Muslim nation and usually these types of nations defend one another. America realized the geographical importance of its support. Pakistan lies bordering Afghanistan and it would serve as a crucial location from which to attack Afghanistan. In order to soften the Pakistani government to bend for the American government was by donating $1.1 billion to help Pakistan solve the problems it has with debt. Also, all sanctions that had been previously placed on Pakistan were lifted. The Bush administration also made it clear that assistance from the Pakistani government in the war against terrorism was anticipated. In return, The United States expected the Pakistani territory to be accessible to the military. The government also wanted Pakistans Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate to serve as a conn ection to the Taliban and to also provide America with information on the whereabouts of the most wa...

Management Strategic Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management Strategic Plan - Research Paper Example Sharjah municipality works on betterment for all the people of Emirates (Sharjah Municipality, 2012). Strengths, Weaknesses, Threats & Opportunities Strengths The corporation has strong local presence. The municipality has developed expertise in the field of e-service. The corporation has strong presence in the society. They practice corporate social responsibility activity to enhance social image. They are a government organization and they can take help from the government to raise capital for implementing new technology. The administrative department is using a updated website to provide information to customers. The municipality is using e-payment system for value services. Weaknesses Work culture of the municipality needs modification. All the staffs work alone. Work culture of the municipality affects customer service level. Customers are not satisfied with the service level of the Sharjah Municipality. The municipality needs to implement state of art technology to improve cust omer service level. The administrative department does not use state of art technology like VoIP and data collocation technique to increase service efficiency. Opportunities Sharjah Municipality has the opportunity to increase service efficiency by using internet application like email marketing can help the company to design suitable communication strategy. The corporation can get real time feedback and queries from customer after implementing e-service. The corporation has the opportunity to improve service level by implementing E-procurement system. The municipality can increase efficiency of digital marketing by using data collocation techniques. Threats Threats in terms of changing consumer behaviour, implementation cost for new technology can impact the business process of the municipality. The municipality will implement ERP system to organise transactional data. The administrative department needs to invest huge amount of money to implement ERP system. Investing too much mon ey on single technology can be identified as threat factor. VoIP technology integrated with 1Net MPLS-based IP VPN service can be used by the municipality to communicate with people of Emirates (Washburn, 2009). Vision Statement Drainage Department of the municipality provides premier service to increase the efficiency level of wastewater management facility. They are trying to create a healthy environment by improving wastewater management facility. They have planned to invest more than 150 Million Dirham to expand network of construction projects within next few years. They are planning to increase car parking facility in near future. The construction projects network will cover an area of 100,000 cubic meters. Mission Statement The municipality works on betterment for all the people of Emirates. They always try to provide quality service to customers. The corporation tries to maintain an honest service relationship with the people. The administrative department tries to design a sustainable social growth model for all the people of Emirates. Corporate Values The municipality tries to maintain healthy service relationship with all the people of Emirates. They give importance on achieving result in terms of providing quality service. They are trying

Power Of the Mass Media During the 1960s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Power Of the Mass Media During the 1960s - Essay Example This movement took place from around 1955 until 1968. During this time racism had been a huge part of American history. Racism and the life of African Americans were changing. The Civil Rights Movement helped move along this change and help to create a better life for African Americans. The media was a very powerful player in voicing the rights of African Americans which contributed to the Civil Rights Movement. Churches, African American owned businesses and television shows teamed together to show as many as possible about the movement. Many would voice over the media and attempt to end racism and encourage the end of slavery. The mass media dramatically played a role in changing the perception of the public and how they felt toward African Americans. Just like the Civil Rights Movement, Vietnam is a large part of American history and has been historically discussed in the mass media. Vietnam happened roughly from 1955 to 1975. During this time many Americans were needed to join the Army and fight in Vietnam. Some were pro to joining while others were against war. This part of history and how the media portrayed Vietnam is perfect for describing how the media changes the public’s perception and influences decisions. During the Vietnam War many were influenced to join. The media portrayed the war in so many different ways. The media made many young men believe everything would be taken care of if they were to enlist. The media dramatically influenced the public’s decisions to join. Not all mass media influence was to join the war. Many other forms of media encouraged young men to skip the war and fight for freedom and peace. This was a big way for media to encourage peace and many avoided the draft and were influenced by anti-war media. When pictures began to come up showing the negative effects of war the media thrived on the photos and they helped the media to change the perception of war through the use of

Consumer Preference About Different Branded Sports Shoes Essay Example for Free

Consumer Preference About Different Branded Sports Shoes Essay Statement about the problem This project takes a look in various kinds of Merchandising activities, Market Share of different sports shoes and various Sales Promotion schemes, which are followed in the Sports shoes industry. The three major global players i. e. Reebok, Nike, and Adidas dominate the sports shoes industry in India. India is one of few battlegrounds in the world where there is neck-to-neck competition between the three. The companies claim to be in number one sport coating the data produced by two different marketing research companies. In the 1980s, Adidas sneakers became popular amongst teenagers and young men. The Adidas sneaker was popularized by the Run DMC song My Adidas and became a huge fashion trend. The Tapie affair the history of the company as presented by its official web site is incomplete, perhaps because it is indirectly linked to financial scandals. After a period of serious trouble. The death of Adolf Dasslers son Horst Dassler in 1987, the company was bought in 1990 by Bernard Tapie, for 1. 6 billion French francs ($320 million), which Tapie borrowed. Tapie was at the time a famous specialist of rescuing bankrupt companies, a business on which he built his fortune. Nike is the worlds #1 manufacturer and marketer of athletic footwear and apparel. Almost out of the blue, the company established itself as one of the worlds most familiar brands during the 1980s and 1990s. As familiar as a Coke bottle or Big Mac, the Nike swoosh logo came to symbolize not just sports culture, but street culture, as the appeal of the star players who endorsed the brand was carried onto city streets. The approach of the new century set Nike new problems. Trainers went (briefly) out of fashion, economic slowdown and labor problems hit Asian performance. But the group has bounced back, retaining its iron grip on the sporting apparel sector and still undisputed leader in sports-oriented street wear. Reebok is the worlds third-largest maker of sneakers, athletic shoes and sports apparel. Goods are sold under the brands Reebok, Rockport and Greg Norman Collection.

Computer Addiction :: Computers Technology Addictions Essays

Computer Addiction Have you ever thought how much time do you spend using on a computer in a day/week? Computers are as common in numerous households around the world. People from all age groups are learning to operate computers and anyone who has worked with computers for long periods of time knows that computers can be just as addicting as drinking every night of the week. Take further, Computer addiction can have a number of physical, social, and psychological effects on a person, and it is to be taken as seriously as any other addiction that a person is against, but what are those possible effects of spending too much time on the computer, and what are the causes. There are many causes for people are addicting on the computer. First of all, students have free access to the Internet and easily available at most schools’ computer lab. Because it is free and most school provide an e-mail account and have no limit the amount of time for student to log on. Second, anyone who addicts to Internet has a bigger problem with social life; especially, people who are easily bored, lonely, shy, relationship problem, lake of self-confidence and low self-esteem. They may rely on the computer screen to solve personal problems or meet their needs for companionship. However to ignore what cause people to addict on the computers, the endless new connections are that draws addicts to all of us. The effect of students addict on the computer not only can they lose their schoolwork or jobs but also would become withdrawn from the community. As they become unable to limit their time spent online often for many hours; therefore, students are to minimize the time communication with others. In addition, as they spent every night of the week on computer, consequently, they get fail from the school. On the other hands, people who have trouble with their social life not only can they get worse but also can lead to seriousness psychological problems. As they more likely to meet their needs for companionship form the Internet the more they become escape from the reality and become personality disorder. It has met from the article â€Å"Internet addiction: genuine diagnosis or not?

Metaphysics & Epistemology Paper Essay

G. E. Moore’s main contributions to philosophy were in the areas of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and philosophical methodology. In epistemology, Moore is remembered as a stalwart defender of commonsense realism. Rejecting skepticism on the one hand, and, on the other, metaphysical theories that would invalidate the commonsense beliefs of â€Å"ordinary people† (non-philosophers), Moore articulated three different versions of a commonsense- realist epistemology over the course of his career. According to data I researched Moore’s epistemological interest also motivated much of his metaphysical work, which to a large extent was focused on the ontology of cognition. In this regard, Moore was an important voice in the discussion of sense-data that dominated Anglo- American epistemology in the early twentieth century. In ethics, Moore is famous for driving home the difference between moral and non-moral properties, which he cashed-out in terms of the non-natural and the natural. Moore’s classification of the moral as non-natural was to be one of the hinges upon which moral philosophy in the Anglo- American academy turned until roughly 1960. Moore’s approach to philosophizing involved focusing on narrow problems and avoiding grand synthesis. His method was to scrutinize the meanings of the key terms in which philosophers expressed themselves while maintaining an implicit commitment to the ideals of clarity, rigor, and argumentation. This aspect of his philosophical style was sufficiently novel and conspicuous that many saw it as an innovation in philosophical methodology. Moore is widely acknowledged as a founder of analytic philosophy, the kind of philosophy that has dominated the academy in Britain and the United States since roughly the 1930s. Moore also had a significant influence outside the academic philosophy, through his contacts in the Cambridge Apostles and the Bloomsbury group. In both academic spheres, Moore’s influence was due in no small part to his exceptional personality and moral character. One of the most important parts of Moore’s philosophical development was his break from the idealism that dominated British philosophy (as represented in the works of his former teachers F. H. Bradley and John McTaggart), and his defense of what he regarded as a â€Å"common sense† form of realism. In his 1925 essay â€Å"A Defense of Common Sense†, he argued against idealism and skepticism toward the external world on the grounds that they could not give reasons to accept their metaphysical premises that were more plausible than the reasons we have to accept the common sense claims about our knowledge of the world that skeptics and idealists must deny. He famously put the point into dramatic relief with his 1939 essay â€Å"Proof of an External World†, in which he gave a common sense argument against skepticism by raising his right hand and saying â€Å"Here is one hand,† and then raising his left and saying â€Å"And here is another,† then concluding that there are at least two external objects in the world, and therefore that he knows (by this argument) that an external world exists. Not surprisingly, not everyone inclined to skeptical doubts found Moore’s method of argument entirely convincing; Moore, however, defends his argument on the grounds that skeptical arguments seem invariably to require an appeal to â€Å"philosophical intuitions† that we have considerably less reason to accept than we have for the common sense claims that they supposedly refute.

Organisational structure of British Airways Essay

1.0 Introduction The following assignment aims to highlight the organizational structure of a major player in the aeronautical sector which is BRITISH AIRWAYS. For that purpose, it is necessary to consider fundamental management’s principles in order to understand at best the factors which may influence the result of the company, without forgetting the importance of the interactions between the internal and external environments which play a major role in the success or the failure of the strategies undertaken by the company. It will be then necessary to find aspects to be improved by the company to propose solutions and so optimize the general performances of British airways. 1.1 British airways â€Å"to fly, to serve† With more than 93 years of existence, British Airways acts as an expert of aeronautical services whether it is at the airport or aboard the planes which compose the fleet of the company or for the business trips. The  company employs more than 39 900 persons in 2010 in UK and overseas while the head office is based in Waterside. Web 1: http://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_reports0910/financial/notes/note7.html 2.0 The organizational structure 2.1 Definition According to H. Mintzberg  «The organizational structure is the total sum of the employees to divide the work into different tasks and to insure then the coordination between the tasks ». The organizational structure can also be defined as the way the authority is considered through the relations hierarchical or the way the activities are specified and distributed and still the way the systems of communication inside organizations are established. The organizational structure can be divided into macrostructure and into microstructure: while the macrostructure relates to the totality of the divisions or the organization, the microstructure relates to the organization of the activities and the hierarchical relations inside a certain department of the organization. 2.2 How to determine the best organizational structure for British Airways? In order to determine the organizational structure which will meet the needs at best of the company and which will allow her to use its resources in a effective and efficient way it is important to estimate two important aspects which are the departmentalization as well as the amplitude of control. The departmentalization consists in group the common resources to exploit them at best whereas the amplitude of control determines the degree of authority which exercises an immediate superior in front of his subordinate. There are several organizational structures offered to companies to respond to their needs such as the tall structure, the flat one or the functional organization. 3.0 Which are the organizational structures adopted by British Airways? 3.1 The tall structure: Having made a current inventory of fixtures of the resources that possess the company, managers decided to opt for a tall structural organization to remain long-lasting. This structure distinguishes the various levels of decision where the highest person in the organization chart detains most power. As for executives, they take care to oversee the work of the subordinates. So, they act as intermediary as shows hit the organization chart below which reveals the position of every manager in the organization chart of the company. The structure consists of three levels where Willie Wash is the chief executive; he controls the customer and operations executive which group the communications sector which is important because the brand image depends on this department, the customer service which is always trying to improve this service, the engineering one, the flight operations and the operations. There is also the management board which includes two departments of customer and operations executive, which are customer and engineering, and also the finance and performance sector, people and organisational effectiveness which verifies if the employees make correctly the tasks which were attributed to them by their superiors, sales and marketing and strategy and business units. Finally, investments, legal and government and industry affairs and safety and security are directly supervised by the chief executive in order to improve these important sectors. British airways organizational structure: Web 2: http://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_reports0809/our_business/workplace.html 3.1.1 How this structure helps the company to achieve it goals? This structure chosen by the company allows every employee of British Airways to be situated in the organization chart in a clear and detailed way without any ambiguity. So, it allows avoiding any misunderstanding as for the authority which detains every employee on his colleague or his hierarchical  superior what pulls a healthy climate and thus urges the employees to put a lot at best into their tasks. These tasks are determined through the objectives fixed by the managers so every employee is in front of his responsibilities and feels as being a part of the project of the company. This structure also allows the managers to optimize at most the performances of their human resources through trainings offered to the employees to be constantly up to date at the level of the skills. Indeed, it is more and more asked to the employees to be versatile and efficient at the same time. Finally, this structure allows the managers to supervise in a direct way their subordinates what allows t o adjust the problems if they exist. 3.2 The customer structure: This structure considers the importance which represent the customers without whom, no organization can remain long-lasting and show good results. This structure consists in determining need for every specific category of customers of the company to satisfy them at best. The structure which adopts British Airways articulates around the baptized project â€Å"Compete 2012† to answer the bigger and bigger customer requirements and to become eventually the leader regarding customer service in the aeronautical sector. This program turns around three essential entities in the survival of the company which are the partners with whom the relations must be stable and cordial. We also find the colleagues who play an important role there because they represent the direct contact between the company and the customers. And finally the customers among whom needs and expectations must be clearly defined to satisfy them at best and so create a relation on the long term between the parts. Thi s project thus bases itself on two essential qualities that are the excellence as well as the performance as summarizes it the figure below. British airways customer structure: Web 3: http://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_reports0910/our_business/strategy.html 3.2.1 How this structure helps the company to achieve it goals? This structure contributes largely to the success of the objective of the company which is to become the world’s leading global premium airline world. To reach this objective and in spite of a difficult context there, the company put on the excellence of the services proposed to the passengers and by developing new projects to satisfy them at best. Beyond that, this project contains 5 strategic objectives: Be the airline of choice for long haul premium customers, Deliver an outstanding service for customers at every touch point Grow our presence in key global cities Build on our leading position in London Meet our customers’ needs and improve margins through new revenue streams. Web 4: http://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_reports0910/pdfs/Strategy.pdf 4.0 Recommendations The tall organizational structure has to be improved because we find inconveniences such as the slowness of decision-making; a decision has to pass by all the hierarchical levels before being approved or rejected. This considers a brake when we know the importance of the speed of transmission of information and data within organizations. So, they can change for a flat organizational structure which will accelerate the time of decision-making. The responsibilities as well as the freedom of the employees are restricted because they have to conform to the decisions taken by their immediate superiors without being necessarily consulted. This entails a lack of motivation or investment on behalf of the employees, so managers have to empower employees by increasing bonuses. The implementation of this structure turns out very expensive because of the administrative costs. In view of the context current, it would be recommended to the company to reduce its costs by opting for a cheaper structure.

A Look At Judaism Religion Essay Example

A Look At Judaism Religion Essay Example A Look At Judaism Religion Essay A Look At Judaism Religion Essay Hebraism is one of oldest faiths in being today. Judaism s resiliency is singular sing some of the struggles that they had to face. Judaism has evolved over clip and continues to to turn. The survey of Judaism can be split into three distinguishable stages: scriptural, rabbinical, and modern. The 2nd stage of Judaism is rabbinical Judaism. Judaism experienced many of import alterations during this stage. This stage began with the devastation of First Temple and the expatriate of a big portion of the Judaic population from Jerusalem to Babylonia ( Molloy 308 ) . Up until this point, the Judaic people had ever worshiped in a temple. While in expatriate, the Judaic people maintained their focal point on a strong community, but they adapted to their state of affairs in many ways. They began to concentrate on Bibles and created a Sabbath service where they worship. They realized that all of the facets of their faith needed to be recorded so that Judaism would digest the trial of clip ( Molloy 310 ) . The Judaic people were besides affected by Babylonian civilization. The common linguistic communication of the Judaic people changed from Hebrew to Aramaic ( Molloy 310 ) . The expatriate was a hard and drab test for the Judaic people. When the Persian imperium conquered Babylonia , they allowed the Judaic people to return to their fatherland ( Molloy 310 ) . After returning to their fatherland, the Judaic people constructed the Second Temple. The Judaic people had to contend to maintain the Second Temple sacred. The Seleucid swayer, Antiochus IV, took over the temple, but the a household of Judaic people rebelled and took back control ( Molloy 311 ) . There was tenseness between Jewish and Grecian civilization because of all of the rigorous Torahs that the Judaic people observed. Examples of this tenseness are the Circumcision of all Judaic males and the Sabbath ( Molloy 312 ) . The turning popularity and laterality of the Grecian civilization caused a division between the Judaic people. There were four chief groups that emerged because of this division. These groups were as follows: the Sadducees, the Pharisees, the Zealots, and the Essenes. The Sadducees were the most traditional group. Most of them lived in Jerusalem and focused on activities in the templ e ( Molloy 312 ) . The Pharisees were traditional, but they focused on spiritual Torahs and patterns ( Molloy 312 ) . The Zealots were the most violent group. They opposed any foreign influence and were hostile towards the Romans ( Molloy 312 ) . The Essenes were the most cryptic group. They were the smallest group and had many unusual rites. There is still controversy over the Dead Sea Scrolls which were believed to be written by the Essenes. Judaism began to travel off from centralized temple worship and concentrate on community worship. The communities studied the Bibles and followed the patterns of the Pharisees ( Molloy 313 ) . After the Romans took over most of Jerusalem, the Jews tried to arise, but they failed. As penalty, the Romans destroyed the Second Temple and some of Jerusalem ( Molloy 314 ) . The devastation of the Second Temple efficaciously ended the temple rites and priesthood of Judaism. Community worship became the most common signifier of Judaism. The abrasivene ss of the Romans besides caused many of the Jews to migrate to different states. This migration really helped Judaism to turn because the Judaic people were able to transport their Bibles with them. When the Bibles were wholly finished, the Judaic people began to compose the Talmud ( Molloy 314 ) . The Talmud is a aggregation of written readings of the Judaic Bibles. Rabbis and spiritual bookmans of different ages and backgrounds would construe each of the Bibles. The Kabbalah is another reading of the Judaic Bibles. It focuses the mysterious properties of God such as His angels and the miracles He performs. One of the most of import constructs that is presented in the Kabbalah is that some scriptural Bibles should be read symbolically non literally ( Molloy 316 ) . Modern Judaism can be split into two groups, the conservativists and the progressives. The two chief signifiers of conservative Judaism are Orthodox and Conservative. The two chief signifiers of broad Judaism are Reform and Reconstructionist. Orthodox Judaism is the most traditional signifier. There is a batch of division between Orthodox Jewish people. They disagree on community interaction, secular instruction, and support for the province of Israel ( Molloy 333 ) . Some illustrations of their spiritual patterns are as follows: Orthodox temples separate males and females ; services are conducted wholly in Hebrew and lead by male rabbis ; there are rigorous societal functions, work forces are the breadwinners while adult females run the family ( Molloy 333 ) . Conservative Hebraism is non every bit rigorous as Orthodox Judaism, but it is more rigorous than the broad signifiers of Judaism. Alterations to the spiritual patterns or rites are discussed exhaustively before they are chang ed. Reform Judaism was to a great extent influenced by the Enlightenment. Many of the traditions and patterns have been altered. Some of the patterns were changed to advance equality, and some of them were changed for convenience. Examples of these alterations are as follows: adult females and work forces can sit together for the spiritual services ; adult females can go rabbis ; the Bibles are read in in the native linguistic communications and in Hebrew ; and there is non a formal dress-code ( Molloy 335 ) . Reconstructionist Judaism is the most extremist signifier of Judaism. It encourages its followings to believe separately. Its followings view Judaism non merely as a faith but besides as an germinating cultural force. Hebraism is a complex and historic faith. It is difficult to hold on the existent consequence that Judaism has had on the universe. Throughout history, the Judaic people have been persecuted. They have been used as whipping boies for jobs they did non do. Their lands have been stolen from them for no ground. They have been tortured and exterminated merely for being born. They have endured the worst that the universe could set them through, but they are still here. What is even more amazing is that they continue to idolize their God. The committedness that they show to their God is more than admirable, it is amazing. No 1 knows precisely what the hereafter holds, but Judaism will decidedly be portion of that hereafter.

AndAlso and OrElse VB.NET Basic Logical Operators

AndAlso and OrElse VB.NET Basic Logical Operators VB.NET features two logical operators that help make your programming ... well ... more logical. The new operators are AndAlso and OrElse and they add a lot to the old And and Or operators. Whats New AndAlso and OrElse have some properties that enhance your code in ways that previous VB versions couldnt match. They offer advantages in two general categories: You can avoid executing part of a logical expression to avoid problems.You can optimize code by not executing any more of a compound expression than required. AndAlso and OrElse are pretty much like And and Or except that they will short circuit an expression once the outcome is guaranteed. Example Suppose youre coding a test of a calculation result like this: The if expression generates a divide by zero error in VB 6 because Value3 is zero. (But see the Quick Tip on divide by zero for more on that.) It could be that the cases that result in Value3 being zero are very rare and only occur when youre enjoying a vacation a thousand miles away so you can be called back to fix the program in an emergency mode. (Hey! It happens!) Lets recode the program as a .NET program using AndAlso and see what happens. After changing And to AndAlso, the program works! The reason is that the last part of the compound If condition- (value 2 \ value3)- is never actually executed. When you use AndAlso, VB.NET knows that the expression cant succeed once it is determined that the first part of the condition- a is not greater than Value1- is false. So VB.NET stops evaluating the expression right there. A similar example could be constructed using OrElse. This analysis also suggests how you can add some efficiency to your code by arranging a compound logical expression correctly. If you place the expression that is most likely to be false in the leftmost position when using AndAlso, you can prevent execution cycles from being used to evaluate the rightmost expression. In a single test, it wouldnt make enough difference to be worth even thinking about. But if your test is inside a loop of some kind and is executed zillions of times, it could make a big difference. Knowing about these two new VB .NET logical operators can help you avoid very subtle errors or achieve subtle efficiencies.

Negitive Leadership Experiance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Negitive Leadership Experiance - Essay Example Our job was quality control of the pictures that the users of this websites uploaded. We were looking eliminate undesirable photos that showed hate crimes, nude pictures, or excessive violence. Our job entailed looking at thousands of pictures everyday and flagging the ones that did not meet quality standards. The company started off well offering the employees prizes for the best monthly performance and offering a bonus of up to $5.50 an hour over the basic pay for extra production. Everyone in the company was very excited about the prospects of working for this firm. Things turn sour very fast as the leadership team of the company became a disgrace to the business world. When a company enters into a verbal contract with the employees you cannot go back on your word. That is what occurred at the company. A few months passed and the top performers did not receive the prizes promised. The company also was not paying the promised bonus, everyone instead was making minimum wage. The pri ze issue was a major fraud since these prizes were offered to us by a representative of the top client, MySpace. We believe that the administration kept the prizes to themselves instead of giving them to the employees. Things at this company continued to get worse. The bonus that the company was supposed to pay was for exceeding a quota of 10,000 pictures an hour. The bonus was supposed to be given for added production beyond the quota. The company on top of stealing our bonus decided to up the quota to 25,000 an hour without any extra compensation. The employees were extremely frustrated at the abuse from the administration. As we thought things could not get any worse the company began to pay our payroll late. Every paycheck would be paid two to three weeks late. Another issue was that the company began to steal hours worked from the checks of a lot of employees. I have never worked and I hope to never work at a company like this one again. The negative leadership the managers dis played is something that I thought would never occur at a corporation in the United States. As incredible as it is to believe there were others displays of negative leadership that were beyond belief. The company need shift leaders to keep track of the crews since the operation ran 24/7. The shift leader was a supervisory position that paid an extra $3 an hour. Typically those types of jobs would go to people with an education in business administration or workers that had previous experience in a supervisory role. This company decided to give these jobs to the most unqualified persons they could find. None of the shift leader chosen had a college education. I estimated that over 2/3 of the staff of around 200 employees were college educated many of them with masters including some with MBA degrees. I believe the reason the firm chose unqualified high school graduates was because they wanted to manipulate these workers since the firm was breaking numerous labor laws. Negative leader ship such as what occurred at the company I worked is a bad example of corporate behavior. Three attributes of negative leadership are unreliable, dishonesty, and irresponsibility (Rapidbi, 2011). Leadership is very important towards the success of a corporation. There are different ways companies can improve the leadership of its workers and of key personnel. A great way to improve the leadership skills of employees is by exposing employees to team

The role of race in drug prosecutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

The role of race in drug prosecutions - Essay Example nd historical premises behind all the increasing tendency of South Asian men to be found in Britain’s prisons.The Paper concludes that given that it is true that the majority of offenders are Asian and are perceived as a threat to public order and drug prevention they should be understood for their relative economic and social conditions. This is particularly true for drug offences and acquisitive crime. The biases of the police and the ordinary public are accordingly reviewed with their reasons in this regard. Household crimes – For household offences, all members of the household can be regarded as victims, so the respondent answers on behalf of the whole household. The offence categories concerned are: bicycle theft; burglary; theft in a dwelling; other household theft; thefts of and from vehicles, and vandalism to household property and vehicles. Personal crimes – For personal offences, the respondent reports only on his/her experience to the BCS. This applies to the following offence categories: assault, sexual offences, robbery, theft from the person, and other personal theft. Information is also collected on threats. Sampling error – A sample is a small-scale representation of the population from which it is drawn. As such, the sample may produce estimates which differ from the figures which would have been obtained if the whole population had been interviewed. Statistical significance/Weighted data – Raw data from the survey is adjusted in various ways at the data processing stage to correct for imbalances introduced in sampling and by the design of the interview. The overall aim of this study is to provide an understanding of how violence and drug crime has been understood from the perspective of race particularly for South Asian offenders in England. Therefore this study will aspire to enhance current explanations, and explore connections between various forms of violence and race, with a view to aid prevention, reduction and eventual

Business and Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business and Accounting Ethics - Essay Example The main purpose of business ethics is to maintain a code of conduct which reinforces consumer confidence in the business. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) has put down ethical guidelines for accounting. The AICPA's first principle of professional conduct states: "In carrying out their responsibilities as professionals, members should exercise sensitive professional and moral judgments in all their activities." The Golden Rule is this that one should live their life with integrity and bearing a sound moral character. Success cannot be measured by the acquisition of money only. A 1987 survey of corporate executives administered by Touche Ross revealed that two thirds believed that high ethical standards improve a firm's competitive position but felt that "increased concentration on short-term earnings" and "decay in cultural and social institutions" are major threats to business ethics. [1] Ethics must be the cornerstone of every business. This applies to my real estate and loan brokerage businesses aptly. The article stresses on transparency and pursuing good moral values in order to earn long term benefits. Ethics is also essential in building trust and confidence in the public for your business. Real Estate businesses have to do with direct interaction with the customers. Ethics is especially relevant here.

Environmental Hazards Essay Example for Free

Environmental Hazards Essay If someone was to ask you, â€Å"What is an open dump? † What would you say? Would you know what to tell them? An open dump is abandoned piles of household garbage, bags of yard waste, appliances, old barrels, used tires, and demolition debris can threaten the health of wildlife, the environment, and humans. They can cause such health, environmental, and safety issues as fires or explosions, the inhalation of toxic gases, injuries to children playing in or around the dumpsites (I have personal experience of cutting my foot on broken glass as a child playing in an open dump), diseases carried by flies, rodents and mosquitos, and other hazards. Open Dumps, 1996 – 2011). Early Landfill Believe it or not, landfills go way back in history. Of course, back then they were called â€Å"garbage dumps. † For instance, early American settlers used to deal with their garbage by dumping it over the back fence, burying it in their back yards, or dumping it in rivers. They also would burn their garbage. (Amsel, 2005 – 2013). We can go even further back in history with this subject. Case in point: Did you know the cause of the bubonic plague (14th century) was too much garbage in the streets? Allow me to explain. The bubonic plague, also called, the â€Å"black death,† spread through Africa, Asia, nd Europe, killing 75 million people. What these people did not know at the time was they had too much garbage in their streets. There was so much it was in piles. These piles of garbage in turn attracted rats. The rats had fleas. The fleas carried the disease. With rats carrying the disease from place to place, the lack of sanitation made it the worst epidemic in human history. (Amsel, 2005 – 2013). Many of the early landfills were made in wetlands. These wetlands were thought to be wasteland at that time. These landfills leaked into lakes and rivers and built up gases, such as methane. As garbage rots, it gives off a flammable gas, called methane. Because of this many garbage dumps would catch fire or explode! The first garbage burning plant was built in 1885 in New York on Governor’s Island. It was called an â€Å"incinerator. † There were 300 incinerators burning garbage in the U. S. by 1914. (Amsel, 2005 – 2013). Leachate – The most serious problem with landfills is groundwater contamination. As water percolates through the ground (like water does in a coffeemaker), chemicals can be released in the ground and get carried along in a process called leaching. The resulting water with the various pollutants is called leachate. As the water percolates through Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), a noxious leachate is generated that consists of residues various decomposing organic matter mixed with various metals from rusting items in the landfills. This can funnel directly into the groundwater without correct precautionary measures. (Wright, 2011). Methane – Municipal Solid Waste is about 2/3 organic material. Because of this, it is subject to natural decomposition. Buried wastes are anaerobic, meaning they decompose without oxygen. A major by-product of this process produces a combination of about 2/3 methane and 1/3 hydrogen and carbon dioxide, called biogas. This is a highly flammable mixture. This has caused homes to explode at up to 1000 feet away and has caused some deaths. Also, gases seeping up to the surface have killed vegetation by poisoning their roots. (Wright, 2011). Incomplete Decomposition – Commonly used plastics resist natural decomposition because of their molecular structure. Microbes are unable to digest them because they are polymers of petroleum-based compounds. There have been biodegradable plastic polymers developed from other sources, such as cornstarch, lactic acid, cellulose, and soybean protein, as well as petroleum. Wright, 2011). Settling – Finally, as waste compacts and decomposes, it settles. This problem was recognized from the beginning and there have been no buildings built on landfills. Settling creates shallow depressions that collect and hold water. These can also be deep holes. This can be addressed by continuous monitoring and filling to restore it to a level surface. (Wright, 2011). Modern Landfill Modern landfills are designed to address the previous mentioned issues. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) has upgraded requirements for landfill siting. New landfills are to be sited well above the water table on high ground. The floor is contoured so water drains into a tile leachate collection system. The sides and floor are covered with a plastic liner and at least two feet of compacted soil. This allows any percolating leachate to drain into the leachate collection system and be treated as necessary. Layers of refuse are positioned so the fill is built up in the shape of a pyramid. It is then with at least 18 inches of earthen material and then seeded. This cap and the pyramid shape help the landfill in shedding water. The entire landfill site is surrounded by groundwater monitoring wells and periodically checked. This checking must go on indefinitely. (Wright, 2011). Mariannhill Landfill, South Africa I chose the Mariannhill Landfill, South Africa for innovative practices in making it more productive and reducing its environmental impact. In reading the description of this landfill, it seemed more like a recreation area and less like a landfill. I could tell a lot of thought and planning went into this. This landfill contains several â€Å"cells† to hold waste. Soil from the landfill area is removed and put in storage. The resulting hole is the cell. Once the cell is full the soil is replaced. Vegetation is also removed and placed in a large holding nursery on the site. This is called Plant Rescue Unit or PRUNIT. There is a barrier system in each cell to prevent harmful waste by-products from seeping into the environment. Leachate is treated on site. This is done by a biological primary treatment with sludge followed by a â€Å"polishing treatment† by a reed bed. The Mariannhill site treats landfill water to reduce leachate until the water is reusable. Mariannhill has also set up a landfill gas extraction scheme. It has been operational for four years as of 2008. It also has a bird hide and conservation area with nature trails that link up with existing green space in the metro. (Mariannhill Landfill Conservancy, 2008). This has been a truly eye-opening assignment. Little did I realize as a child that some of the areas I was playing in were so dangerous. I’m not sure if my parents knew, but they always told me to stay away from places like that. I am so thankful these places (older landfills and â€Å"dumps†) are practically figments of the imagination now. We need to take better care of our planet! Let’s all chip in!

Gender: Feminism and Masculinity Essay -- essays research papers fc

In a recent meta-analysis by Kite and Whitley in 1996, it was confirmed that men hold more negative attitudes toward homosexuality than do women. They also determined that men's attitudes toward homosexuality are particularly negative when the person being rated is a gay man rather than a lesbian. Their review of the literature also highlighted the complex nature of attitudes toward homosexuality noted by others. In order to understand the constructive attitudes of homosexuality, there are several factors that include beliefs that gay people are threatening or dangerous, etc. I reviewed Millham, San Miguel, & Kellogg, 1976; Plasek & Allard, 1984. These complexities, and how they influence sex differences in attitudes toward homosexuality, remain largely unexplored. The present research examines two issues: (1) whether sex differences in attitudes toward homosexuality vary by attitude component and (2) whether, within each component, the sex of the person being rated influences these attitudes. Kite and Whitley's (1996) have reviewed data that heterosexuals' evaluations of gay men and lesbians are influenced by a generalized gender belief system. According to this model, we as humans have already have characterized gender reflect the belief that gender-associated attributes are bipolar: What is masculine is not feminine and vice versa. We also tend to possess stereotypically masculine physical characteristics and to adopt stereotypically masculine roles. Similarly, the knowledge that a person is stereotypically feminine on one dimension leads to the inference that the person is stereotypically feminine on other dimensions I think that as a society, our beliefs about homosexuality are influenced by a gender belief system. Men are in stereotypically feminine terms are more likely to be judged homosexual than are men described in stereotypically masculine terms. At a lesser note, women are described too as sterotypes in masculine terms and are judged lesbian than women describ ed in stereotypically feminine terms In some gender-based judgments of gay people reflect the belief that male homosexuals are similar to female heterosexuals and that female homosexuals are similar to male heterosexuals (e.g., Kite & Deaux, 1987; Storms, Stivers, Lambers, & Hill, 1981). As Kite (1994) has argued, separating gender-role beliefs from attitudes toward homose... ...not want their tough side invaded they way I see it. This was a tought subject to write about, but I felt that the issue of gender with being Gay and Lesbian needed to be written. Works Cited Batson & Burris, 1994; Herek, 1988 Esses, Haddock, & Zanna, 1993   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cpa.ca/cjbsnew/1996/ful_esses.html Herek, 1986b   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://en.web-blaster.org/www.lds-mormon.com/hldsss.shtml Kite & Deaux, 1987; Storms, Stivers, Lambers, & Hill, 1981   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/lablouin/psych200/project_fall01/stereotyping.htm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.womenandsociety.buffalo.edu/bibliog/articles/bib/sj-sz.htm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Louderback & Whitley, 1997   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:112247853&refid=ink_puballmags&skeyword=&teaser= Kite and Whitley   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  psychology.ucdavis.edu/Rainbow/ html/poq_2002.pdf Millham, San Miguel, & Kellogg, 1976; Plasek & Allard, 1984   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.lesbianinformationservice.org/attrl.htm Whitley, 1987

Animal Farm: Comparison of the Animal Characters with Their Human Counterparts

Animal Farm: Comparison of Animal Characters with Human characters Animal Farm by George Orwell is a political story concerning the concept of Leninist Marxism, written from an animal’s perspective. It is a story of dreams; dreams of freedom and equality that are dashed into pieces by greed and avarice for power and comfort. Basically, Orwell has incorporated his own political views in this book regarding Marxism and simultaneously he has spotlighted the major flaws in Marxist philosophy which he illustrates throughout the story. I first want to emphasize that the events in Animal Farm are comparable to the Russian Revolution of 1917. The book illustrates the ideals of the revolution and how the masses were maltreated by corrupt leaders and the false promises of a Utopian socialistic society. This goal of equality was what the animals sought, and despite their sacrifices and hard work, their leaders betrayed them. Animal Farm is essentially a harsh criticism of totalitarianism. Orwell is portraying the noble goals of Marxism which were corrupted by a dictator’s avarice for power. As he notes in his study, â€Å"The book is not only a parody of Stalin’s Russia but also intends to show that Russia was not a true democratic Socialist country. †(1) Despite the apparent criticism, Orwell shares the viewpoints of Marxism as far as worldwide revolution was concerned. However, in the book, a utopian future seemed highly unlikely from the start. The idea of Animalism was a theory created by Old Major in his dream. Old Major was a highly respected and venerable boar. He managed to assemble the farm animals where he told all of them his dream of a revolution. As Major said, â€Å"our lives are miserable, laborious and short. We are born, we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies and for those of us who are capable of it are forced to work to the last atom of our strength; and the very instant our usefulness has come to an end, we are slaughtered with hideous cruelty. †(pg 7) This is particularly typical of what the Russian people faced during the Czarist days of Russia. The Bourgeoisie, or the rich, had full control over the Proletariats, who were the poor workers. The workers were treated poorly and they lived in utter poverty and misery. They were exploited and mistreated by the rich and lived a harsh life where even basic sustenance was impossible to find. It was through their labor that the Czar and the rich existed. Karl Marx noticed this problem and he wrote The Communist Manifesto, where he suggested that the workers of the world should unite and overthrow the tyrannical capitalist countries. Marx wanted the proletariat class to start a revolution and change the social structure and distribute the wealth among the masses. Old Major represented Karl Marx. They both were visionaries who called upon the tormented masses to rise up against their bourgeoisie masters, in Animal Farm’s case, Man. Yet, unfortunately both Marx and Major would never see their revolution commence. Old Major dies in three days after speaking to the animals and Marx died before the Russian Revolution began. There were only two capable leaders left on the farm who could start the revolution. Snowball was a young, intelligent and a vivacious pig with a brilliant talent for speaking. Whenever he spoke, he placed an incredible amount of emotion into his voice that pulled the animals toward him. Snowball’s objective was to carry out the last wishes of Old Major and to make life better for the animals. Snowball could be compared to Leon Trotsky who was a devout follower of Marxism and he wanted to improve the lives of the Russian people. Both Snowball and Trotsky were thrown out of power by their supposed comrades. Napoleon, a Berkshire boar, did not possess the skill and acumen of Snowball. However, Napoleon made up for this weak point by being ruthless, cruel, devious, and corrupt. His ambition was to have full control and power over Animal farm. If anyone stopped him, he would destroy the opponent. Napoleon used his dogs to intimidate the other animals and to kill any animal that opposed him. He also used Squealer, a garrulous pig who could convince any animal with doubts about the greatness of Napoleon and that it was Napoleon who thought up the revolution. Basically, Squealor was a propaganda spokesman. Old Major, before his death, had spoken out a list of seven commandments that all animals had to follow. The commandments were concerned with animal-human relations. Squealor changed and manipulated the seven commandments to suit Napoleon and the pigs. You may have noticed by now that the character names all have a symbolic meaning to them. The name Napolean refers to the legendary emperor of France. He was ruthless and he killed anyone who opposed him. Squealor, by his contemptuous actions, implied that he was a spy and he informed Napoleon about any activity against him. Napoleon could be compared to Josef Stalin, the madman of Russia. He was not as educated or convincing as Trotsky. Yet Stalin was a brutal man who craved power. He killed millions of people and used the KGB (indoctrinated dogs) to punish dissenters. Napoleon also used Moses, the tame raven, to control the animals. Moses represented the Church where he constantly babbled about Sugar Land Mountain. This heavenly abode is where all animals go when they died and they forever lived in peace and tranquility with good food and lots of rest. The animals believed in Moses because their lives were already full of misery. Surely there had to be a better place where the animals could go and be content. Moses was a tool for Napoleon. He said all this jargon in order to make the tired animals work hard and not complain and Moses was paid with bread soaked in beer. On the topic of religion, Marx considered it the, â€Å"Opiate of the people. † (2) Orwell however said that people will always turn to religion for answers and places where they could go for an easier existence. In addition, Orwell refused to approve of a society where leaders like Napoleon or Stalin distorted the true meaning of Socialism and instilled fear and tyranny over their own people. As Orwell said, â€Å"To accept Orthodoxy, is always to inherit unresolved contradictions. †(3) This makes sense because the animals had jumped out of the frying pan (Mr. Jones’ reign) and into the fire (Napoleon’s dictatorship). Either way you see the result, it is the same. The animals continued to suffer. What did Animalism accomplish? What were the goals, what were the dreams and what were the results? The basic idea was to share power and to stop the tyrant Mr. Jones (who represented the Czar). The goals of the newly established government was to declare all animals equal, that they would get more food, more sleep, respect, rules to protect animals from oppression, and technology-in the form of windmill to make life better for all. The animals owned the farm. Everything was to be equally shared. Humans were the enemy and no animals should deal with Man and no one could act like Man. As Major said, â€Å".. in fighting Man, we must not come to resemble him. Even when you have conquered him, do not adopt his vices. †(pg 12) The seven commandments were made for the protection of the animals and their rights. Leaders and workers will work together and education is available to all. These were the hopes and dreams of all animals so that they may be free from the bonds of slavery and live in happiness and equality. However, when Napoleon claimed power, the entire basis of the revolution crumbled into dust. The goals of the government were stripped to suit the Pigs. As the rule said, â€Å"some animals are more equal than others. † Rather than motivating animals to work, they are forced to work otherwise they would not receive their ration of food. The Seven commandments were changed to Pig Laws. Pigs became more powerful and thus they controlled every aspect of the farm. What I note, and Orwell also notes, is that how could the proletariats trust the self-proclaimed leaders and their intentions? As Orwell wrote, â€Å"The main weakness of Marxism is the failure of human motives†(4) and â€Å"It is impossible to have an intuitive understanding of men’s motives and therefore impossible to predict their actions. †(5) It’s difficult to fathom why the animals didn’t recognize the pig’s treachery and why they didn’t rebel. Maybe the fierce dogs were too intimidating or maybe the animals were just content with their nationalistic pride of their farm. An example of their pride can be seen when the animals march past their flag and the disinterred skull of Old Major. They have a feeling of joy and contentment because their farm is run by the animals and not humans. However as Orwell writes, â€Å"the proletariat is too easily swayed by its leaders as well as its guiding ideologies. †(6) For example in Animal Farm, the animals fail to realize that all their rights and the seven commandments are being stripped and changed before their very eyes. The knowledge that all the animals are illiterate is very useful to Napoleon and he freely changes all the laws according to his tastes without worry. Yet the animals should have said something when the â€Å"Beasts of England,† the revolutionary song taught by Old Major, is changed to â€Å"Animal Farm. † Take Boxer the horse for example. He was a devout follower of Napoleon and he gave his life for his brethren. He sacrificed himself day and night in the construction of the windmill so that the dreams of heat and electricity would come true and that all the animals could reap the benefits. Boxer always said, â€Å"Napoleon is always right. † It is all Boxer can do whenever he had doubts. Had Boxer materialized his doubts into action, Napoleon would never have succeeded in gaining total power. That’s why I believe Boxer is attacked by the three dogs after he develops doubts about Snowball being a traitor. Luckily he is strong enough to stop the dogs. Boxer represented a communist or Animalist supporter. He was a dedicated and hard worker but the crafty Squealer and Napoleon used him where Boxer was eventually betrayed by the leaders he so willingly followed and helped. Orwell understood the significance of Marxism and shared many of its beliefs but Animalism was not an extreme political goal. The basic concept was equality, sharing, and working together for the betterment of all. Yet the system was so badly twisted by the leaders that the animals were in limbo. The animals became oppressed slaves to the pigs who became no different than the human masters. They were even crueler to the animals than Jones and the Revolution became a cruel joke. What changes had occurred? Absolutely nothing except that instead of humans ruling over animals, animals came to rule over animals. The final line in the book summarizes it all, â€Å"The creatures outside looked from pig to man and man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which. †(pg 155)

Malcolm X: Misunderstood

In the year of 1960s, the civil right movement was at its peak. At this time, blacks were mistreated and discriminated against and because of that, the Negroes were searching for a leader who can change the status of blacks. What is a leader? A leader is, according to a dictionary, a guiding or directing head, as of an army, movement, or political group. There is no doubt that Malcolm X, formerly known as El Hajj Malik El Shabazz, had many characteristics of a great leader written all over him, when he joined the Nation of Islam. As a result, African Americans looked up to Malcolm X, who called himself the angriest Negro in America, for leadership. In this paper, I am going to argue that Malcolm was a great leader, who gave his life for the struggle for equal rights in the richest and most powerful country of the world, the USA. In a country, where everybody seeks to fulfill â€Å"the American dream†, but where many people live in a nightmare. For that, he should be remembered along with Martin Luther King Jr. To fully understand how great of a leader that he was, we need to take a closed look at Malcolm X's life. Malcolm led three remarkable lives in less than four decades: first as Malcolm Little, a convicted burglar and con man; as Malcolm X, the Nation of Islam's flamboyant orator; finally, as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, organizing an international approach to the problems besetting African Americans. It all began when Malcolm Little's confidence and dream was shattered and crashed. His teacher told him that he had to be â€Å"realistic about being a nigger. † (Malcolm X 118) I don't think Malcolm would became what he was if it was not for his teacher's comment on his dream of becoming a lawyer one day. Then, we have Minister Malcolm X, who devoted his life to the teaching of Elijah Muhammad. â€Å"The Honorable Elijah Muhammad is giving us true identity, and a true position – the first time they have ever been known to the American black man. † (Malcolm X 356) Malcolm was fascinated by the discipline, the obedience, and the strong sense of community responsibility the members of the Nation showed, and soon became one of Elijah's most devoted followers. Finally, after his trip to Mecca, we see Malcolm as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz whose belief was now in world brotherhood and human justice. Malcolm X was a misunderstood figure of his time, in my opinion. If you have read or heard what he said, you would undoubtedly label him as a racist. He went as far as calling whites the â€Å"devils† and he stirred up both the black and white communities with his â€Å"anti-white† philosophy. Malcolm is usually projected as the uncompromising advocate of Black Nationalism. Malcolm, always brooding and alienated, is depicted as the architect of armed revolution and confrontation and he is presented as the hostile critic of White liberalism. Many people base this on his denunciation of racism and they misinterpret this statement to mean that now he endorsed the principles of integration as a solution to America's racial dilemma. What people didn't realize at that time was Malcolm's basic goal or objective never changed: He was totally committed to freedom for oppressed people. Malcolm wanted for blacks only what whites wanted for themselves, no more and no less. Also we have to realize that his trip to Mecca had changed the way he thought about white people and he was not given enough time to show the world his new point of view because he was assassinated soon after. That's why most people today have the impression that Malcolm was a â€Å"bad† guy, who would gain freedom by any means necessary. What made him so great? He was a man of word and action. Malcolm represents a leader, which all communities look up to as dynamic, intelligent, and most importantly revitalizing. The Muslims of today, from all parts of the world see Malcolm as a man who not only had strong convictions and beliefs, but was not afraid to voice them and stand up to a system of oppression from white supremacy over powerless and minority black people. Black people need a leader who speaks the truth even when white people don't want to hear it, and Malcolm X is filling that role. As Malcolm X traveled around the country, preaching and encouraging blacks to take pride in their history and strengths as a people, membership in the Nation of Islam grew from about couple hundred to hundreds of thousands. Furthermore, I think it was Malcolm's vigorous passion for Black self-determination and Black unity as well as his spiritual connection to Islam that attracted black people to Nation of Islam and Elijah's vision played only a little part of it. In addition, the reason why the number of followers increase in Nation of Islam was contributed by Malcolm's exceptional oratorical ability, his quick wit, and piercing analysis that he gave in front of many audiences. Analysis such as â€Å"US government make their citizens hate Germany and Japan during WWII and now US had again make the people love Germany and Japan after the war†. And the comment that he made about the racial problems of today â€Å"If you pull out a knife on my back, the wound left a permanent scar which you can get rid off†. Those points that he made were right on the money. He was very charismatic, and when he talks, people listen. Communication is a very powerful weapon to use if you want to spread your words and wisdom, and Malcolm took advantage of that. Armed himself with knowledge of Islam, books that he read, and debating skill, he went on television shows argued against his many critics and performed public speech day in and day out. He was so eagerly devoted to spread the teaching of Nation of Islam that he found himself out on the road and was away from his family for many weeks or months. The development of Nation of Islam was his priority. Why Malcolm had such impact on black communities? Because Malcolm was one of them before he joined Nation of Islam and became a minister. Came out from the heart of the Harlem ghetto, he knew the first hand experience of prejudice and inequality that impose on blacks. Therefore, many of his audiences can relate some of the things that he said in their everyday life. In addition, Malcolm transformed himself from a street hustler to an articulate leader and was convinced that others could change for the better as well. His message about self-improvement was loud and clear. Without education, you are not going anywhere in this world. In his autobiography he said, â€Å"My whole life had been a chronology of changes†. Such an extreme change seems to unbelievable, but after reading his autobiography; everyone can feel how much power this man had. Another reason why he was a great leader was that his readiness to revise his ideas and change them. People make mistakes and it takes courage to admit it publicly and try to change it so the mistake won't happen again. In the fields of politic and religion, which he was vigorously involved in, people usually don't change, even they proved to be wrong. Malcolm X was different. He turned all his beliefs and his way of life upside down when joining the Nation of Islam. He stopped drinking, smoking and abusing drugs instantly and dedicated his life to his leader, whereas he had been selfish and greedy his whole life before. Everything is going well till when the affairs of Elijah Muhammad with his secretaries made Malcolm questioned the leadership and belief of Nation of Islam. As a result, he left Nation of Islam and took a pilgrimage to Mecca where he experienced real brotherhood, being accepted and treated as a human being. The friendliness and respect he received made a great impression on him. â€Å"I saw that people who looked alike drew together and most of the time stayed together? KIt tucked it into my mind that when I returned home I would tell Americans this observation; that where true brotherhood existed among all colors. † (Malcolm 350) He became less militant and even admitted that white people could contribute to the black movement. Malcolm also got rid of Mr. Muhammad's doctrines and taught the real Islam he experienced in the East. When we remember Malcolm X, we cannot ignore that he did change from seeing race as a dividing issue to his final testimony as a Muslim who believed in a religion which spells out clearly that all humankind is created and judged equally. He declared that â€Å"all human beings should be respected as such, regardless of their color. † Malcolm often predicted that his leaving the Nation of Islam would lead to his death. When he heard of the Black Muslim's plot to kill him, he did not feel any fear; he just wanted his family to be safe. Before he died, he declared that he would be glad if he could have helped the black people, but that all credit is due to Allah. Only the mistakes were his. This is another admiration that I have for him. He did not fear death and went on doing his business as usual. Like I stated earlier, Malcolm put himself last and newfound religion and his family first. He was not afraid to accept the ultimate freedom for African Americans, as he stated, which is death. Today, nearly 30 years after the end of the Civil Rights Movement, some things have changed. A strong black middle-class has emerged, and some African-Americans have been able to get into leading positions in management or government. In several big cities with a majority of black citizens, black mayors are in office. Both civil right leaders Martin and Malcolm have become American heroes. Finally, Malcolm was a great man and a role model for all African Americans and Malcolm was a man who made people proud and showed them who they were. He dared to speak truth against the lies of racism, to stand tall before the blows of hatred and oppression. When they died, they left examples of wisdom, courage, and spiritual tenacity that few leaders of any race have matched. He didn't die in vain because things have improved since his death. We see the growth of strong black middle class.